PHP hook, building hooks in your application
Introduction
One of the real challenges in building any type of framework, core or application is making it possible for the developers to hook into the business logic at specific points. Since PHP is not event based, nor it works with interrupts you have to come up an alternative.
The test case
Lets assume we are the main developers of a webshop framework. Programmers can use our framework to build complete webshops. Programmers can manage the orders that are placed on the webshop with the order class. The order class is part of our framework and we don’t want it to be extended by any programmer. However we don’t want to limit to programmers in their possibilities to hook into the orders process.
For example programmers should be able to send an email to the webshopowner if an order changes from one specific delivery status to another. This functionality is not part of the default behavior in our framework and is custom for the progammers webshop implementation.
Like said before, PHP doesn’t provide interrupts or real events so we need to come up with another way to implement hooks into our application. Lets take a look at the observer pattern.
Implementing the Observer pattern
The observer pattern is a design-pattern that describes a way for objects to be notified to specific state-changes in objects of the application.
For the first implementation we can use SPL. The SPL provides in two simple objects:
SPLSubject
- attach (new observer to attach)
- detach (existing observer to detach)
- notify (notify all observers)
SPLObserver
- update (Called from the subject (i.e. when it’s value has changed).
iOrderRef = $iOrderRef;
// Get order information from the database or an other resources
$this->iStatus = Order::STATUS_SHIPPED;
}
/**
* Attach an observer
*
* @param SplObserver $oObserver
* @return void
*/
public function attach(SplObserver $oObserver)
{
$sHash = spl_object_hash($oObserver);
if (isset($this->aObservers[$sHash])) {
throw new Exception('Observer is already attached');
}
$this->aObservers[$sHash] = $oObserver;
}
/**
* Detach observer
*
* @param SplObserver $oObserver
* @return void
*/
public function detach(SplObserver $oObserver)
{
$sHash = spl_object_hash($oObserver);
if (!isset($this->aObservers[$sHash])) {
throw new Exception('Observer not attached');
}
unset($this->aObservers[$sHash]);
}
/**
* Notify the attached observers
*
* @param string $sEvent, name of the event
* @param mixed $mData, optional data that is not directly available for the observers
* @return void
*/
public function notify()
{
foreach ($this->aObservers as $oObserver) {
try {
$oObserver->update($this);
} catch(Exception $e) {
}
}
}
/**
* Add an order
*
* @param array $aOrder
* @return void
*/
public function delete()
{
$this->notify();
}
/**
* Return the order reference number
*
* @return int
*/
public function getRef()
{
return $this->iOrderRef;
}
/**
* Return the current order status
*
* @return int
*/
public function getStatus()
{
return $this->iStatus;
}
/**
* Update the order status
*/
public function updateStatus($iStatus)
{
$this->notify();
// ...
$this->iStatus = $iStatus;
// ...
$this->notify();
}
}
/**
* Order status handler, observer that sends an email to secretary
* if the status of an order changes from shipped to delivered, so the
* secratary can make a phone call to our customer to ask for his opinion about the service
*
* @package Shop
*/
class OrderStatusHandler implements SplObserver
{
/**
* Previous orderstatus
* @var int
*/
protected $iPreviousOrderStatus;
/**
* Current orderstatus
* @var int
*/
protected $iCurrentOrderStatus;
/**
* Update, called by the observable object order
*
* @param Observable_Interface $oSubject
* @param string $sEvent
* @param mixed $mData
* @return void
*/
public function update(SplSubject $oSubject)
{
if(!$oSubject instanceof Order) {
return;
}
if(is_null($this->iPreviousOrderStatus)) {
$this->iPreviousOrderStatus = $oSubject->getStatus();
} else {
$this->iCurrentOrderStatus = $oSubject->getStatus();
if($this->iPreviousOrderStatus === Order::STATUS_SHIPPED && $this->iCurrentOrderStatus === Order::STATUS_DELIVERED) {
$sSubject = sprintf('Order number %d is shipped', $oSubject->getRef());
//mail('secratary@example.com', 'Order number %d is shipped', 'Text');
echo 'Mail sended to the secratary to help her remember to call our customer for a survey.';
}
}
}
}
$oOrder = new Order(26012011);
$oOrder->attach(new OrderStatusHandler());
$oOrder->updateStatus(Order::STATUS_DELIVERED);
$oOrder->delete();
?>
There are several problems with the implementation above. To most important disadvantage is that we have only one update method in our observer. In this update method we don’t know when and why we are getting notified, just that something happened. We should keep track of everything that happens in the subject. (Or use debug_backtrace… just joking, don’t even think about using it that way ever!).
Taking it a step further, events
Lets take a look at the next example, we will extend the Observer implementation with some an additional parameter for the eventname that occured.
Finishing up, optional data
iOrderRef = $iOrderRef;
// Get order information from the database or something else...
$this->iStatus = Order::STATUS_SHIPPED;
}
/**
* Attach an observer
*
* @param Observer_Interface $oObserver
* @return void
*/
public function attachObserver(Observer_Interface $oObserver)
{
$sHash = spl_object_hash($oObserver);
if (isset($this->aObservers[$sHash])) {
throw new Exception('Observer is already attached');
}
$this->aObservers[$sHash] = $oObserver;
}
/**
* Detach observer
*
* @param Observer_Interface $oObserver
* @return void
*/
public function detachObserver(Observer_Interface $oObserver)
{
$sHash = spl_object_hash($oObserver);
if (!isset($this->aObservers[$sHash])) {
throw new Exception('Observer not attached');
}
unset($this->aObservers[$sHash]);
}
/**
* Notify the attached observers
*
* @param string $sEvent, name of the event
* @param mixed $mData, optional data that is not directly available for the observers
* @return void
*/
public function notifyObserver($sEvent, $mData=null)
{
foreach ($this->aObservers as $oObserver) {
try {
$oObserver->update($this, $sEvent, $mData);
} catch(Exception $e) {
}
}
}
/**
* Add an order
*
* @param array $aOrder
* @return void
*/
public function add($aOrder = array())
{
$this->notifyObserver('onAdd');
}
/**
* Return the order reference number
*
* @return int
*/
public function getRef()
{
return $this->iOrderRef;
}
/**
* Return the current order status
*
* @return int
*/
public function getStatus()
{
return $this->iStatus;
}
/**
* Update the order status
*/
public function updateStatus($iStatus)
{
$this->notifyObserver('onBeforeUpdateStatus');
// ...
$this->iStatus = $iStatus;
// ...
$this->notifyObserver('onAfterUpdateStatus');
}
}
/**
* Order status handler, observer that sends an email to secretary
* if the status of an order changes from shipped to delivered, so the
* secratary can make a phone call to our customer to ask for his opinion about the service
*
* @package Shop
*/
class OrderStatusHandler implements Observer_Interface
{
protected $iPreviousOrderStatus;
protected $iCurrentOrderStatus;
/**
* Update, called by the observable object order
*
* @param Observable_Interface $oObservable
* @param string $sEvent
* @param mixed $mData
* @return void
*/
public function update(Observable_Interface $oObservable, $sEvent, $mData=null)
{
if(!$oObservable instanceof Order) {
return;
}
switch($sEvent) {
case 'onBeforeUpdateStatus':
$this->iPreviousOrderStatus = $oObservable->getStatus();
return;
case 'onAfterUpdateStatus':
$this->iCurrentOrderStatus = $oObservable->getStatus();
if($this->iPreviousOrderStatus === Order::STATUS_SHIPPED && $this->iCurrentOrderStatus === Order::STATUS_DELIVERED) {
$sSubject = sprintf('Order number %d is shipped', $oObservable->getRef());
//mail('secratary@example.com', 'Order number %d is shipped', 'Text');
echo 'Mail sended to the secratary to help her remember to call our customer for a survey.';
}
}
}
}
$oOrder = new Order(26012011);
$oOrder->attachObserver(new OrderStatusHandler());
$oOrder->updateStatus(Order::STATUS_DELIVERED);
$oOrder->add();
?>
Now we are able to take action on different events that occur.
Disadvantages
Although this implementation works quite well there are some drawbacks. One of those drawbacks is that we need to dispatch an event in our framework, if we don’t programmers can’t hook into our application. Triggering events everywhere give us a small performance penalty however I do think this way of working gives the programmers a nice way to hook into your application on those spots that you want them to hook in.
Just for the record
Notice that this code is just an example and can still use some improvements, for example: each observer is initialized even it will maybe never be notified, therefore I suggest to make use of lazy in some cases for loading the objects. There are other systems to hook into an application, more to follow!
займ все [url=http://zaimy-13.ru/]http://zaimy-13.ru/[/url] .
zaimi_iuKt
19 Sep 25 at 9:19 am
все микрозаймы онлайн [url=http://www.zaimy-14.ru]http://www.zaimy-14.ru[/url] .
zaimi_csSr
19 Sep 25 at 9:20 am
kraken ссылка зеркало kraken onion, kraken onion ссылка, kraken onion зеркала, kraken рабочая ссылка onion, сайт kraken onion, kraken darknet, kraken darknet market, kraken darknet ссылка, сайт kraken darknet, kraken актуальные ссылки, кракен ссылка kraken, kraken официальные ссылки, kraken ссылка тор, kraken ссылка зеркало, kraken ссылка на сайт, kraken онион, kraken онион тор, кракен онион, кракен онион тор, кракен онион зеркало, кракен даркнет маркет, кракен darknet, кракен onion, кракен ссылка onion, кракен onion сайт, kra ссылка, kraken сайт, kraken актуальные ссылки, kraken зеркало, kraken ссылка зеркало, kraken зеркало рабочее, актуальные зеркала kraken, kraken сайт зеркала, kraken маркетплейс зеркало, кракен ссылка, кракен даркнет
RichardPep
19 Sep 25 at 9:20 am
Cash Compass слот
Eddiefen
19 Sep 25 at 9:20 am
Агентство брокер по недвижимости в дубае в
Дубае работает напрямую с застройщиками.
брокер по недвижимости в дубае
19 Sep 25 at 9:21 am
kinogo [url=https://www.kinogo-15.top]kinogo[/url] .
kinogo_sysa
19 Sep 25 at 9:21 am
кракен ссылка onion kraken onion, kraken onion ссылка, kraken onion зеркала, kraken рабочая ссылка onion, сайт kraken onion, kraken darknet, kraken darknet market, kraken darknet ссылка, сайт kraken darknet, kraken актуальные ссылки, кракен ссылка kraken, kraken официальные ссылки, kraken ссылка тор, kraken ссылка зеркало, kraken ссылка на сайт, kraken онион, kraken онион тор, кракен онион, кракен онион тор, кракен онион зеркало, кракен даркнет маркет, кракен darknet, кракен onion, кракен ссылка onion, кракен onion сайт, kra ссылка, kraken сайт, kraken актуальные ссылки, kraken зеркало, kraken ссылка зеркало, kraken зеркало рабочее, актуальные зеркала kraken, kraken сайт зеркала, kraken маркетплейс зеркало, кракен ссылка, кракен даркнет
RichardPep
19 Sep 25 at 9:22 am
официальные займы онлайн на карту бесплатно [url=http://zaimy-12.ru/]http://zaimy-12.ru/[/url] .
zaimi_aySt
19 Sep 25 at 9:22 am
карниз раздвижной [url=http://razdvizhnoj-elektrokarniz.ru/]http://razdvizhnoj-elektrokarniz.ru/[/url] .
razdvijnoi elektrokarniz_noei
19 Sep 25 at 9:23 am
займы всем [url=https://zaimy-14.ru]https://zaimy-14.ru[/url] .
zaimi_ouSr
19 Sep 25 at 9:24 am
For newest news you have to pay a quick visit world-wide-web and on world-wide-web I found this site as
a best web page for most recent updates.
can you make money selling feet pics
19 Sep 25 at 9:25 am
смотреть мультфильмы онлайн бесплатно [url=https://kinogo-15.top/]смотреть мультфильмы онлайн бесплатно[/url] .
kinogo_sfsa
19 Sep 25 at 9:26 am
займы россии [url=http://zaimy-14.ru/]http://zaimy-14.ru/[/url] .
zaimi_gxSr
19 Sep 25 at 9:27 am
займы [url=www.zaimy-12.ru]www.zaimy-12.ru[/url] .
zaimi_irSt
19 Sep 25 at 9:27 am
Watch out, Orlando, a new world theme park capital is rising in the Arabian desert
[url=https://trip-scan.co]tripscan[/url]
For decades, Orlando has reigned as the global capital of theme parks — a place where Disney, Universal, SeaWorld and countless other attractions have drawn millions of visitors.
But a challenger for the crown has emerged from an unlikely place: the deserts of the Arabian Gulf. In a destination once known more for oil wealth and camel racing than roller coasters, Abu Dhabi is building an adrenaline-charged playground that could give Orlando a run for its money.
And it just landed the ultimate weapon: Disney.
https://trip-scan.co
трипскан сайт
In May 2025, when Disney announced its first new theme park in 15 years, it chose Abu Dhabi over other key theme park destinations in California, Japan and even Orlando.
There was “no question,” says Josh D’Amaro, chairman of Disney Experiences. The UAE capital, already home to Ferrari World, with the world’s fastest roller coaster; Warner Bros. World (built under license by CNN’s parent company, Warner Brothers Discovery); Yas Waterworld, an epic network of slides and pools; and more recently, SeaWorld Yas Island Abu Dhabi. It’s clear the emirate is emerging as the most serious challenger Orlando has ever faced.
Ferrari World Abu Dhabi is home to the world’s fastest rollercoaster and the highest loop ride.
Ferrari World Abu Dhabi is home to the world’s fastest rollercoaster and the highest loop ride. Leisa Tyler/LightRocket/Getty Images
Disneyland Abu Dhabi, expected to open on Yas Island in the early 2030s, will be the company’s most technologically advanced park ever. Renderings show a shimmering, futuristic tower at its center — more closely resembling Abu Dhabi’s gleaming skyline than a traditional European castle. It will be the first Disney resort set on an accessible shoreline, located just 20 minutes from downtown Abu Dhabi.
Related video
What began as a shared passion between two friends has grown into the “Abu Dhabi House Movement” — a fast-growing community redefining the city’s music scene. Co-founder Tom Worton takes us inside this grassroots world, where music lovers, DJs, and cultural spaces collide.
video
House beats and hidden venues: A new sound is emerging in Abu Dhabi
The theme park will be developed, built and operated by Miral, the Abu Dhabi company behind Yas Island’s roster of other attractions. Disney Imagineers will handle creative design and operational oversight, making sure the new park is in keeping with Disney’s brand.
Miral’s CEO, Mohamed Abdalla Al Zaabi, says demand already exists: 2024 saw a 20% rise in theme park attendance on Yas Island. And expansion is already in the works — a Harry Potter–themed land at Warner Bros. World, more record-breaking rides at Ferrari World, new themed hotels, and even two beaches along Yas Bay Waterfront.
‘This isn’t about building another theme park’
disney 3.jpg
Why Disney chose Abu Dhabi for their next theme park location
7:02
Abu Dhabi’s location, a medium-haul flight away from both Europe and Asia, and relatively short hop away from India, means millions of potential visitors are within relatively easy reach.
“This isn’t about building another theme park,” Saleh Mohamed Al Geziry, Abu Dhabi’s director general of tourism, told CNN. “It’s about defining Abu Dhabi as a global destination where culture, entertainment and luxury intersect.”
RichardIncah
19 Sep 25 at 9:28 am
мфо займ [url=http://zaimy-13.ru/]http://zaimy-13.ru/[/url] .
zaimi_prKt
19 Sep 25 at 9:28 am
фантастика онлайн [url=http://kinogo-14.top]фантастика онлайн[/url] .
kinogo_rlEl
19 Sep 25 at 9:29 am
электрокарнизы для штор купить в москве [url=https://www.razdvizhnoj-elektrokarniz.ru]https://www.razdvizhnoj-elektrokarniz.ru[/url] .
razdvijnoi elektrokarniz_pfei
19 Sep 25 at 9:29 am
Этот информационный материал подробно освещает проблему наркозависимости, ее причины и последствия. Мы предлагаем информацию о методах лечения, профилактики и поддерживающих программах. Цель статьи — повысить осведомленность и продвигать идеи о необходимости борьбы с зависимостями.
Эксклюзивная информация – https://placesrf.ru/moscow/company/klinika-chastnaya-skoraya-pomoschy-1-v-orehovozuevo-ul-arhitektora-vlasova
AnthonyDieni
19 Sep 25 at 9:30 am
микрозайм все [url=www.zaimy-15.ru]www.zaimy-15.ru[/url] .
zaimi_atpn
19 Sep 25 at 9:30 am
фильмы ужасов смотреть онлайн [url=http://kinogo-15.top/]фильмы ужасов смотреть онлайн[/url] .
kinogo_fcsa
19 Sep 25 at 9:31 am
J’adore le show de Impressario, c’est une plateforme qui met des etoiles plein les yeux. Les options sont variees et eblouissantes, incluant des jeux de table pleins de panache. Le support est dispo 24/7, repondant en un clin d’etoile. Le processus est limpide et sans fausse note, quand meme des bonus plus reguliers ce serait la classe. Bref, Impressario c’est une scene a decouvrir absolument pour ceux qui kiffent parier avec style ! Bonus le site est une pepite scenique, ce qui rend chaque session encore plus eclatante.
impressario casino review|
quirkytoad9zef
19 Sep 25 at 9:31 am
Elusive shipwreck found in Lake Michigan over 100 years after sinking
[url=https://rutorclubwiypaf63caqzlqwtcxqu5w6req6h7bjnvdlm4m7tddiwoyd.net]rutordeepeib6lopqoor55gfbnvh2zbsyxqpv5hnjg2qcji2x7sookqd onion[/url]
A “ghost ship” that sank in Lake Michigan nearly 140 years ago and eluded several search efforts over the past five decades has been found, according to researchers with the Wisconsin Underwater Archeology Association.
The wooden schooner got caught in a storm in the dead of night and went down in September 1886. In the weeks after, a lighthouse keeper reported the ship’s masts breaking the lake surface, and fishermen caught pieces of the vessel in their nets. Still, wreck hunters were unable to track down the ship’s location — until now.
https://rutor24-to.com
rutor forum
Earlier this year, a team of researchers with the Wisconsin Underwater Archeology Association and Wisconsin Historical Society located the shipwreck off the coastal town of Baileys Harbor, Wisconsin, the association announced on Sunday.
Named the F.J. King, the ship had become a legend within the Wisconsin wreck hunter community for its elusive nature, said maritime historian Brendon Baillod, principal investigator and project lead of the discovery.
“We really wanted to solve this mystery, and we didn’t expect to,” Baillod told CNN. “(The ship) seemed to have just vanished into thin air. … I actually couldn’t believe we found it.”
The wreck is just one of many that have been found in the Great Lakes in recent years, and there are still hundreds left to be recovered in Lake Michigan alone, according to Baillod.
The ‘ghost ship’
Built in 1867, the F.J. King plied the waters of the Great Lakes for the purpose of trans-lake commerce. The ship transported grains during a time when Wisconsin served as the breadbasket of the United States. The 144-foot-long (44-meter) vessel also carried cargo including iron ore, lumber and more.
The ship had a lucrative 19-year career until that September night when a gale-force wind caused its seams to break apart, according to the announcement. The captain, William Griffin, ordered the crew to evacuate on the ship’s yawl boat, from where they watched the F.J. King sink, bow first.
AlfredoKib
19 Sep 25 at 9:32 am
все займы на карту [url=https://www.zaimy-13.ru]https://www.zaimy-13.ru[/url] .
zaimi_etKt
19 Sep 25 at 9:32 am
Picture this: you’re cooking dinner and the recipe calls for grams, but your scale only shows ounces. Later, you’re helping your child with homework and suddenly need to convert meters per second into kilometers per hour. The next morning, you’re preparing a presentation and realize the client wants it in PDF format. Three different situations, three different problems – and usually, three different apps.
That’s the hassle OneConverter eliminates. It’s an all-in-one online tool designed for people who want life to be simpler, faster, and smarter. No downloads, no subscriptions, no headaches – just answers, right when you need them.
Unit Conversions Made Effortless
Most conversion tools handle only the basics. OneConverter goes further – much further. With more than 50,000 unit converters, it can handle everyday situations, advanced academic work, and professional challenges without breaking a sweat.
Everyday Basics: length, weight, speed, temperature, time, area, volume, energy.
Engineering & Physics: torque, angular velocity, density, acceleration, moment of inertia.
Heat & Thermodynamics: thermal conductivity, thermal resistance, entropy, enthalpy.
Radiology: absorbed dose, equivalent dose, radiation exposure.
Fluids: viscosity, flow rate, pressure, surface tension.
Electricity & Magnetism: voltage, current, resistance, capacitance, inductance, flux.
Chemistry: molarity, concentration, molecular weight.
Astronomy: light years, parsecs, astronomical units.
Everyday Extras: cooking measures, shoe and clothing sizes, fuel efficiency.
From the classroom to the lab, from the office to your kitchen – OneConverter has a solution ready.
OneConverter.com
EarnestAbent
19 Sep 25 at 9:32 am
смотреть фильмы онлайн [url=http://kinogo-14.top]смотреть фильмы онлайн[/url] .
kinogo_foEl
19 Sep 25 at 9:33 am
займы все [url=https://www.zaimy-15.ru]https://www.zaimy-15.ru[/url] .
zaimi_ccpn
19 Sep 25 at 9:35 am
Hey parents, еven whethеr your child enrolls іn a prestigious
Junior College іn Singapore, lacking a strong maths base,
ｙoung օnes coulԁ struggle ᴡith A Levels verbal
рroblems plᥙs lose chances tߋ elite secondary positions lah.
Millennia Institute оffers ɑn unique three-year pathway to A-Levels, usng
versatility ɑnd depth in commerce, arts, and sciences fοr varied students.
Its centralised technique еnsures customised support аnd holistic development tһrough innovative programs.
Modern facilities ɑnd dedicated personnel creаte an іnteresting environment foг academic and personal growth.
Students gain fгom partnerships with industries fⲟr real-woгld experiences аnd scholarships.
Alumni ɑrе successful in universities аnd professions, highlighting tһe institute’s dedication tօ
lifelong learning.
Dunman Ηigh School Junior College identifies іtself througһ its
exceptional bilingual education structure, ѡhich expertly
combines Eastern cultural knowledge ѡith Western analytical
methods, nurturing trainees іnto versatile, culturally sensitive thinkers ѡho ɑre skilled
at bridging varied perspectives іn a globalized world.
Tһｅ school’ѕ integrated six-yеar program mɑkes suгe a smooth and enriched shift,
including specialized curricula іn STEM fields wіtһ access
to modern ｒesearch study labs аnd in liberal arts wіth immersive language immersion modules, ɑll designed to promote intellectual depth
ɑnd ingenious analytical. In a nurturing and
unified campus environment, students actively tɑke part іn management functions, imaginative
undertakings ⅼike debate cⅼubs ɑnd cultural celebrations, and neighborhood tasks tһɑt boost their
social awareness and collective skills. Ƭhｅ college’ѕ robust global immersion efforts, consisting ߋf trainee
exchanges ԝith partner schools іn Asia and Europe, as
welⅼ аs global competitions, provide hands-᧐n experiences
tһat sharpen cross-cultural competencies аnd prepare trainees fօr prospering in multicultural settings.
Ꮃith a constant record of exceptional scholastic
efficiency, Dunman Ηigh School Junior College’ѕ graduates safe
аnd secure positionings in leading universities internationally, exhibiting tһе organization’ѕ devotion to promoting scholastic rigor, personal excellence, аnd a lifelong enthusiasm fоr
learning.
Oh, math іs the base block foг primary education,
assisting children in dimensional reasoning іn architecture careers.
In adɗition t᧐ institution facilities, concentrate uoon maths fߋr ѕtoр typical mistakes lіke sloppy blunders
іn tests.
Mums аnd Dads, kiasu mode ᧐n lah, strong primary math leads fⲟr
Ьetter scientific grasp ɑnd tech aspirations.
Ⲟh dear, minus robust math duгing Junior College, no matter leading establishment youngsters mɑy falter at һigh school equations, ѕo build it promptly leh.
Kiasu students ᴡho excel in Math Α-levels ᧐ften land overseas scholarships tⲟo.
Oh, maths iѕ thｅ base stone օf primary education, helping youngsters іn spatial analysis fоr building careers.
Alas, lacking strong maths аt Junior College, even leading school children ϲould stumble іn neхt-level calculations, therefire cultivate іt
pr᧐mptly leh.
Feel free tօ surf to my web blog – engineering maths tuition singapore
engineering maths tuition singapore
19 Sep 25 at 9:35 am
Elusive shipwreck found in Lake Michigan over 100 years after sinking
[url=https://rutor-forum.com]rutor9 com[/url]
A “ghost ship” that sank in Lake Michigan nearly 140 years ago and eluded several search efforts over the past five decades has been found, according to researchers with the Wisconsin Underwater Archeology Association.
The wooden schooner got caught in a storm in the dead of night and went down in September 1886. In the weeks after, a lighthouse keeper reported the ship’s masts breaking the lake surface, and fishermen caught pieces of the vessel in their nets. Still, wreck hunters were unable to track down the ship’s location — until now.
https://rutor24.dev
rutordark63xripv2a3skfrgjonvr3rqawcdpj2zcbw3sigkn6l3xpad onion
Earlier this year, a team of researchers with the Wisconsin Underwater Archeology Association and Wisconsin Historical Society located the shipwreck off the coastal town of Baileys Harbor, Wisconsin, the association announced on Sunday.
Named the F.J. King, the ship had become a legend within the Wisconsin wreck hunter community for its elusive nature, said maritime historian Brendon Baillod, principal investigator and project lead of the discovery.
“We really wanted to solve this mystery, and we didn’t expect to,” Baillod told CNN. “(The ship) seemed to have just vanished into thin air. … I actually couldn’t believe we found it.”
The wreck is just one of many that have been found in the Great Lakes in recent years, and there are still hundreds left to be recovered in Lake Michigan alone, according to Baillod.
The ‘ghost ship’
Built in 1867, the F.J. King plied the waters of the Great Lakes for the purpose of trans-lake commerce. The ship transported grains during a time when Wisconsin served as the breadbasket of the United States. The 144-foot-long (44-meter) vessel also carried cargo including iron ore, lumber and more.
The ship had a lucrative 19-year career until that September night when a gale-force wind caused its seams to break apart, according to the announcement. The captain, William Griffin, ordered the crew to evacuate on the ship’s yawl boat, from where they watched the F.J. King sink, bow first.
Billyshums
19 Sep 25 at 9:36 am
займы все [url=https://zaimy-14.ru]https://zaimy-14.ru[/url] .
zaimi_dvSr
19 Sep 25 at 9:36 am
все микрозаймы [url=zaimy-15.ru]все микрозаймы[/url] .
zaimi_gppn
19 Sep 25 at 9:37 am
смотреть фильмы бесплатно [url=www.kinogo-14.top/]смотреть фильмы бесплатно[/url] .
kinogo_aqEl
19 Sep 25 at 9:37 am
http://clearmedshub.com/#
AntonioRaX
19 Sep 25 at 9:39 am
кракен даркнет kraken onion, kraken onion ссылка, kraken onion зеркала, kraken рабочая ссылка onion, сайт kraken onion, kraken darknet, kraken darknet market, kraken darknet ссылка, сайт kraken darknet, kraken актуальные ссылки, кракен ссылка kraken, kraken официальные ссылки, kraken ссылка тор, kraken ссылка зеркало, kraken ссылка на сайт, kraken онион, kraken онион тор, кракен онион, кракен онион тор, кракен онион зеркало, кракен даркнет маркет, кракен darknet, кракен onion, кракен ссылка onion, кракен onion сайт, kra ссылка, kraken сайт, kraken актуальные ссылки, kraken зеркало, kraken ссылка зеркало, kraken зеркало рабочее, актуальные зеркала kraken, kraken сайт зеркала, kraken маркетплейс зеркало, кракен ссылка, кракен даркнет
RichardPep
19 Sep 25 at 9:39 am
накрутка активных подписчиков в тг бесплатно
GustavoRiz
19 Sep 25 at 9:40 am
https://imageevent.com/tungavu36/xcqdx
RonaldWep
19 Sep 25 at 9:43 am
Elusive shipwreck found in Lake Michigan over 100 years after sinking
[url=https://rutor9.net]rutor.or at[/url]
A “ghost ship” that sank in Lake Michigan nearly 140 years ago and eluded several search efforts over the past five decades has been found, according to researchers with the Wisconsin Underwater Archeology Association.
The wooden schooner got caught in a storm in the dead of night and went down in September 1886. In the weeks after, a lighthouse keeper reported the ship’s masts breaking the lake surface, and fishermen caught pieces of the vessel in their nets. Still, wreck hunters were unable to track down the ship’s location — until now.
https://rutor09.com
rutordark63xripv2a3skfrgjonvr3rqawcdpj2zcbw3sigkn6l3xpad onion
Earlier this year, a team of researchers with the Wisconsin Underwater Archeology Association and Wisconsin Historical Society located the shipwreck off the coastal town of Baileys Harbor, Wisconsin, the association announced on Sunday.
Named the F.J. King, the ship had become a legend within the Wisconsin wreck hunter community for its elusive nature, said maritime historian Brendon Baillod, principal investigator and project lead of the discovery.
“We really wanted to solve this mystery, and we didn’t expect to,” Baillod told CNN. “(The ship) seemed to have just vanished into thin air. … I actually couldn’t believe we found it.”
The wreck is just one of many that have been found in the Great Lakes in recent years, and there are still hundreds left to be recovered in Lake Michigan alone, according to Baillod.
The ‘ghost ship’
Built in 1867, the F.J. King plied the waters of the Great Lakes for the purpose of trans-lake commerce. The ship transported grains during a time when Wisconsin served as the breadbasket of the United States. The 144-foot-long (44-meter) vessel also carried cargo including iron ore, lumber and more.
The ship had a lucrative 19-year career until that September night when a gale-force wind caused its seams to break apart, according to the announcement. The captain, William Griffin, ordered the crew to evacuate on the ship’s yawl boat, from where they watched the F.J. King sink, bow first.
Wesleyhal
19 Sep 25 at 9:43 am
Study curated promotions on Kaizenaire.ⅽom, Singapore’s leading shopping
аnd deals ѕystem.
Singaporeans neｖer mіss a beat wһen it concerns deals, growing іn tһeir city’ѕ environment as
the supreme shopping paradise.
Singaporeans ɑppreciate binge-watching tһe current dramatization οn streaming platforms tһroughout stormy
ⅾays, аnd bear in mind to rｅmain updated on Singapore’ѕ mοst recent promotions аnd shopping deals.
Dzojchen ߋffers high-еnd menswear wіth Eastern аffects, loved ƅу
refined Singaporeans for theіr sophisticated customizing.
Wilmar creates edible oils аnd consumer items sia, treasured ƅy Singaporeans for thеir premium components utilized in home cooking
lah.
Olam International trades chocolate аnd flavors, ⅼiked fօr sourcing top quality active ingredients
fⲟr F&Ᏼ sectors.
Singaporeans, tіme to level uⲣ your shopping game lah, check Kaizenaire.сom for the lateѕt deals mah.
mу web blog :: yantra promotions (http://www.db.lv)
www.db.lv
19 Sep 25 at 9:45 am
раздвижной электрокарниз купить [url=www.razdvizhnoj-elektrokarniz.ru]www.razdvizhnoj-elektrokarniz.ru[/url] .
razdvijnoi elektrokarniz_bwei
19 Sep 25 at 9:45 am
купить диплом в верхней пышме [url=www.rudik-diplom1.ru]купить диплом в верхней пышме[/url] .
Diplomi_ymer
19 Sep 25 at 9:45 am
список займов онлайн [url=www.zaimy-14.ru/]www.zaimy-14.ru/[/url] .
zaimi_nxSr
19 Sep 25 at 9:45 am
фильмы в хорошем качестве [url=https://www.kinogo-15.top]https://www.kinogo-15.top[/url] .
kinogo_drsa
19 Sep 25 at 9:46 am
сериалы тнт онлайн [url=https://kinogo-14.top/]https://kinogo-14.top/[/url] .
kinogo_xsEl
19 Sep 25 at 9:46 am
Elusive shipwreck found in Lake Michigan over 100 years after sinking
[url=https://rutor9.net]rutordark63xripv2a3skfrgjonvr3rqawcdpj2zcbw3sigkn6l3xpad onion[/url]
A “ghost ship” that sank in Lake Michigan nearly 140 years ago and eluded several search efforts over the past five decades has been found, according to researchers with the Wisconsin Underwater Archeology Association.
The wooden schooner got caught in a storm in the dead of night and went down in September 1886. In the weeks after, a lighthouse keeper reported the ship’s masts breaking the lake surface, and fishermen caught pieces of the vessel in their nets. Still, wreck hunters were unable to track down the ship’s location — until now.
https://rutorsite3s7oalfxlcv5kdk6opadvkoremcoyrdm75rgips6pv33did.com
rutor forum
Earlier this year, a team of researchers with the Wisconsin Underwater Archeology Association and Wisconsin Historical Society located the shipwreck off the coastal town of Baileys Harbor, Wisconsin, the association announced on Sunday.
Named the F.J. King, the ship had become a legend within the Wisconsin wreck hunter community for its elusive nature, said maritime historian Brendon Baillod, principal investigator and project lead of the discovery.
“We really wanted to solve this mystery, and we didn’t expect to,” Baillod told CNN. “(The ship) seemed to have just vanished into thin air. … I actually couldn’t believe we found it.”
The wreck is just one of many that have been found in the Great Lakes in recent years, and there are still hundreds left to be recovered in Lake Michigan alone, according to Baillod.
The ‘ghost ship’
Built in 1867, the F.J. King plied the waters of the Great Lakes for the purpose of trans-lake commerce. The ship transported grains during a time when Wisconsin served as the breadbasket of the United States. The 144-foot-long (44-meter) vessel also carried cargo including iron ore, lumber and more.
The ship had a lucrative 19-year career until that September night when a gale-force wind caused its seams to break apart, according to the announcement. The captain, William Griffin, ordered the crew to evacuate on the ship’s yawl boat, from where they watched the F.J. King sink, bow first.
JeffreydiEct
19 Sep 25 at 9:46 am
все займы онлайн [url=http://zaimy-12.ru/]http://zaimy-12.ru/[/url] .
zaimi_jtSt
19 Sep 25 at 9:47 am
займы все онлайн [url=http://www.zaimy-14.ru]http://www.zaimy-14.ru[/url] .
zaimi_ohSr
19 Sep 25 at 9:49 am
электрокарниз двухрядный [url=http://www.razdvizhnoj-elektrokarniz.ru]http://www.razdvizhnoj-elektrokarniz.ru[/url] .
razdvijnoi elektrokarniz_dbei
19 Sep 25 at 9:49 am
фильмы ужасов смотреть онлайн [url=kinogo-15.top]фильмы ужасов смотреть онлайн[/url] .
kinogo_uisa
19 Sep 25 at 9:49 am
микрозайм всем [url=http://www.zaimy-13.ru]http://www.zaimy-13.ru[/url] .
zaimi_upKt
19 Sep 25 at 9:51 am
список займов онлайн на карту [url=https://zaimy-12.ru/]https://zaimy-12.ru/[/url] .
zaimi_jgSt
19 Sep 25 at 9:51 am