PHP hook, building hooks in your application
Introduction
One of the real challenges in building any type of framework, core or application is making it possible for the developers to hook into the business logic at specific points. Since PHP is not event based, nor it works with interrupts you have to come up an alternative.
The test case
Lets assume we are the main developers of a webshop framework. Programmers can use our framework to build complete webshops. Programmers can manage the orders that are placed on the webshop with the order class. The order class is part of our framework and we don’t want it to be extended by any programmer. However we don’t want to limit to programmers in their possibilities to hook into the orders process.
For example programmers should be able to send an email to the webshopowner if an order changes from one specific delivery status to another. This functionality is not part of the default behavior in our framework and is custom for the progammers webshop implementation.
Like said before, PHP doesn’t provide interrupts or real events so we need to come up with another way to implement hooks into our application. Lets take a look at the observer pattern.
Implementing the Observer pattern
The observer pattern is a design-pattern that describes a way for objects to be notified to specific state-changes in objects of the application.
For the first implementation we can use SPL. The SPL provides in two simple objects:
SPLSubject
- attach (new observer to attach)
- detach (existing observer to detach)
- notify (notify all observers)
SPLObserver
- update (Called from the subject (i.e. when it’s value has changed).
iOrderRef = $iOrderRef;
// Get order information from the database or an other resources
$this->iStatus = Order::STATUS_SHIPPED;
}
/**
* Attach an observer
*
* @param SplObserver $oObserver
* @return void
*/
public function attach(SplObserver $oObserver)
{
$sHash = spl_object_hash($oObserver);
if (isset($this->aObservers[$sHash])) {
throw new Exception('Observer is already attached');
}
$this->aObservers[$sHash] = $oObserver;
}
/**
* Detach observer
*
* @param SplObserver $oObserver
* @return void
*/
public function detach(SplObserver $oObserver)
{
$sHash = spl_object_hash($oObserver);
if (!isset($this->aObservers[$sHash])) {
throw new Exception('Observer not attached');
}
unset($this->aObservers[$sHash]);
}
/**
* Notify the attached observers
*
* @param string $sEvent, name of the event
* @param mixed $mData, optional data that is not directly available for the observers
* @return void
*/
public function notify()
{
foreach ($this->aObservers as $oObserver) {
try {
$oObserver->update($this);
} catch(Exception $e) {
}
}
}
/**
* Add an order
*
* @param array $aOrder
* @return void
*/
public function delete()
{
$this->notify();
}
/**
* Return the order reference number
*
* @return int
*/
public function getRef()
{
return $this->iOrderRef;
}
/**
* Return the current order status
*
* @return int
*/
public function getStatus()
{
return $this->iStatus;
}
/**
* Update the order status
*/
public function updateStatus($iStatus)
{
$this->notify();
// ...
$this->iStatus = $iStatus;
// ...
$this->notify();
}
}
/**
* Order status handler, observer that sends an email to secretary
* if the status of an order changes from shipped to delivered, so the
* secratary can make a phone call to our customer to ask for his opinion about the service
*
* @package Shop
*/
class OrderStatusHandler implements SplObserver
{
/**
* Previous orderstatus
* @var int
*/
protected $iPreviousOrderStatus;
/**
* Current orderstatus
* @var int
*/
protected $iCurrentOrderStatus;
/**
* Update, called by the observable object order
*
* @param Observable_Interface $oSubject
* @param string $sEvent
* @param mixed $mData
* @return void
*/
public function update(SplSubject $oSubject)
{
if(!$oSubject instanceof Order) {
return;
}
if(is_null($this->iPreviousOrderStatus)) {
$this->iPreviousOrderStatus = $oSubject->getStatus();
} else {
$this->iCurrentOrderStatus = $oSubject->getStatus();
if($this->iPreviousOrderStatus === Order::STATUS_SHIPPED && $this->iCurrentOrderStatus === Order::STATUS_DELIVERED) {
$sSubject = sprintf('Order number %d is shipped', $oSubject->getRef());
//mail('secratary@example.com', 'Order number %d is shipped', 'Text');
echo 'Mail sended to the secratary to help her remember to call our customer for a survey.';
}
}
}
}
$oOrder = new Order(26012011);
$oOrder->attach(new OrderStatusHandler());
$oOrder->updateStatus(Order::STATUS_DELIVERED);
$oOrder->delete();
?>
There are several problems with the implementation above. To most important disadvantage is that we have only one update method in our observer. In this update method we don’t know when and why we are getting notified, just that something happened. We should keep track of everything that happens in the subject. (Or use debug_backtrace… just joking, don’t even think about using it that way ever!).
Taking it a step further, events
Lets take a look at the next example, we will extend the Observer implementation with some an additional parameter for the eventname that occured.
Finishing up, optional data
iOrderRef = $iOrderRef;
// Get order information from the database or something else...
$this->iStatus = Order::STATUS_SHIPPED;
}
/**
* Attach an observer
*
* @param Observer_Interface $oObserver
* @return void
*/
public function attachObserver(Observer_Interface $oObserver)
{
$sHash = spl_object_hash($oObserver);
if (isset($this->aObservers[$sHash])) {
throw new Exception('Observer is already attached');
}
$this->aObservers[$sHash] = $oObserver;
}
/**
* Detach observer
*
* @param Observer_Interface $oObserver
* @return void
*/
public function detachObserver(Observer_Interface $oObserver)
{
$sHash = spl_object_hash($oObserver);
if (!isset($this->aObservers[$sHash])) {
throw new Exception('Observer not attached');
}
unset($this->aObservers[$sHash]);
}
/**
* Notify the attached observers
*
* @param string $sEvent, name of the event
* @param mixed $mData, optional data that is not directly available for the observers
* @return void
*/
public function notifyObserver($sEvent, $mData=null)
{
foreach ($this->aObservers as $oObserver) {
try {
$oObserver->update($this, $sEvent, $mData);
} catch(Exception $e) {
}
}
}
/**
* Add an order
*
* @param array $aOrder
* @return void
*/
public function add($aOrder = array())
{
$this->notifyObserver('onAdd');
}
/**
* Return the order reference number
*
* @return int
*/
public function getRef()
{
return $this->iOrderRef;
}
/**
* Return the current order status
*
* @return int
*/
public function getStatus()
{
return $this->iStatus;
}
/**
* Update the order status
*/
public function updateStatus($iStatus)
{
$this->notifyObserver('onBeforeUpdateStatus');
// ...
$this->iStatus = $iStatus;
// ...
$this->notifyObserver('onAfterUpdateStatus');
}
}
/**
* Order status handler, observer that sends an email to secretary
* if the status of an order changes from shipped to delivered, so the
* secratary can make a phone call to our customer to ask for his opinion about the service
*
* @package Shop
*/
class OrderStatusHandler implements Observer_Interface
{
protected $iPreviousOrderStatus;
protected $iCurrentOrderStatus;
/**
* Update, called by the observable object order
*
* @param Observable_Interface $oObservable
* @param string $sEvent
* @param mixed $mData
* @return void
*/
public function update(Observable_Interface $oObservable, $sEvent, $mData=null)
{
if(!$oObservable instanceof Order) {
return;
}
switch($sEvent) {
case 'onBeforeUpdateStatus':
$this->iPreviousOrderStatus = $oObservable->getStatus();
return;
case 'onAfterUpdateStatus':
$this->iCurrentOrderStatus = $oObservable->getStatus();
if($this->iPreviousOrderStatus === Order::STATUS_SHIPPED && $this->iCurrentOrderStatus === Order::STATUS_DELIVERED) {
$sSubject = sprintf('Order number %d is shipped', $oObservable->getRef());
//mail('secratary@example.com', 'Order number %d is shipped', 'Text');
echo 'Mail sended to the secratary to help her remember to call our customer for a survey.';
}
}
}
}
$oOrder = new Order(26012011);
$oOrder->attachObserver(new OrderStatusHandler());
$oOrder->updateStatus(Order::STATUS_DELIVERED);
$oOrder->add();
?>
Now we are able to take action on different events that occur.
Disadvantages
Although this implementation works quite well there are some drawbacks. One of those drawbacks is that we need to dispatch an event in our framework, if we don’t programmers can’t hook into our application. Triggering events everywhere give us a small performance penalty however I do think this way of working gives the programmers a nice way to hook into your application on those spots that you want them to hook in.
Just for the record
Notice that this code is just an example and can still use some improvements, for example: each observer is initialized even it will maybe never be notified, therefore I suggest to make use of lazy in some cases for loading the objects. There are other systems to hook into an application, more to follow!
сайт микрозаймов [url=www.zaimy-13.ru/]www.zaimy-13.ru/[/url] .
zaimi_ghKt
18 Sep 25 at 2:43 am
В Краснодаре решение есть — наркологическая клиника. Здесь помогают людям выйти из запоя без страха и осуждения. Всё анонимно, грамотно и с заботой о каждом пациенте.
Подробнее можно узнать тут – [url=https://vyvod-iz-zapoya-krasnodar12.ru/]narkolog-na-dom krasnodar[/url]
Robertrog
18 Sep 25 at 2:43 am
cocaine in prague prague drugstore
PeterSturb
18 Sep 25 at 2:43 am
I just like the helpful info you supply in your articles.
I’ll bookmark your weblog and test once more right here
frequently. I’m reasonably certain I will be told many new stuff proper
here! Good luck for the following!
http://maxes.co.kr/
18 Sep 25 at 2:45 am
микро займы онлайн [url=www.zaimy-13.ru/]микро займы онлайн[/url] .
zaimi_gwKt
18 Sep 25 at 2:46 am
займ всем [url=https://zaimy-12.ru]https://zaimy-12.ru[/url] .
zaimi_aoSt
18 Sep 25 at 2:46 am
Программы лечения формируются индивидуально и включают различные методы, направленные на физическое и психическое восстановление пациента.
Исследовать вопрос подробнее – [url=https://narkologicheskaya-klinika-v-permi0.ru/]наркологическая клиника стационар в перми[/url]
RodolfoLup
18 Sep 25 at 2:47 am
buy cocaine prague buy cocaine prague
prague-drugs-157
18 Sep 25 at 2:48 am
buy xtc prague buy mdma prague
prague-drugs-224
18 Sep 25 at 2:49 am
мфо займ [url=http://www.zaimy-12.ru]http://www.zaimy-12.ru[/url] .
zaimi_deSt
18 Sep 25 at 2:50 am
pure cocaine in prague cocain in prague from brazil
prague-drugs-130
18 Sep 25 at 2:51 am
микрозайм все [url=http://zaimy-13.ru]http://zaimy-13.ru[/url] .
zaimi_koKt
18 Sep 25 at 2:51 am
If you wish for to increase your experience just keep visiting
this web site and be updated with the most up-to-date gossip posted here.
آدرس دانشگاه مازندران
18 Sep 25 at 2:52 am
May I simply just say what a comfort to discover someone
who really knows what they’re discussing on the internet.
You actually understand how to bring a problem to light
and make it important. More people really need to check this out and understand this side of the story.
I can’t believe you aren’t more popular since you surely possess the gift.
turkey visa for australian
18 Sep 25 at 2:53 am
займы все онлайн [url=http://zaimy-12.ru]http://zaimy-12.ru[/url] .
zaimi_koSt
18 Sep 25 at 2:54 am
I blog quite often and I really appreciate your content.
The article has really peaked my interest. I will book mark
your blog and keep checking for new details about once a week.
I opted in for your RSS feed as well.
https://sd283.com/
18 Sep 25 at 2:58 am
It’s amazing in support of me to have a website, which is useful designed for my know-how.
thanks admin
Gita
18 Sep 25 at 2:58 am
диплом с проводкой купить [url=http://educ-ua15.ru]http://educ-ua15.ru[/url] .
Diplomi_cqmi
18 Sep 25 at 2:59 am
https://raymondvmcth.canariblogs.com/datos-sobre-coaching-ejecutivo-curso-chile-revelados-46521912
El coaching ejecutivo es efectivo precisamente porque no se distrae con los sintomas (cansancio). Enfrenta estas causas de frente, ayudandote a replantear desde cero tu vision del liderazgo.
3 Claves Poderosas del mentoria ejecutiva para un management saludable
1. De Gestionar el dia a Gestionar la fuerza
Olvidate de manejar el tiempo. La verdadera carta de intercambio de un manager no son las minutos, sino la fuerza de su rendimiento.
Un mentor te apoya a crear un dibujo propio: detectar que responsabilidades, encuentros e incluso relaciones son “drenadores” de fuerza y cuales son impulsores.
Se trata de rearmar tu calendario de forma consciente. Protege tus espacios de maxima fuerza (usualmente las temprano) para el quehacer de alto impacto: pensar estrategicamente.
2. Del “Si” por Defecto al “No” consciente
Progresaste a donde has llegado por tu talento de reaccion y de responder “si”. Pero para sobrevivir y prevenir el burnout, debes aprender el truco del “no” efectivo.
Un coach te lleva a definir con precision tus propositos criticos. Luego, te guia a usar un filtro claro: “?Esto me lleva directamente a uno de mis objetivos?”. Si la contestacion es no, la opcion debe ser postergar.
3. De la supermania a la Delegacion valiente
El pensamiento de “yo lo hago mas rapido y mejor” es el sendero directo al burnout. Creas un tapon que te ahoga y, de paso, subutiliza a tu colaboradores.
La delegacion profunda no es simplemente pasar laburos chicos. Es entregar la autoridad de un resultado completo.
Un facilitador te acompana a armar una lista real: ?Que funciones solo yo puedo hacer? Todo lo demas es transferible.
El salto de chip es pasar de “me encargo de todo” a “mi trabajo es crecer gente”.
Requiere confianza, pero es la unica via de escalar tu efecto sin colapsar.
JuniorShido
18 Sep 25 at 2:59 am
You’ve made some decent points there. I checked on the
net to learn more about the issue and found most people will go
along with your views on this website.
https://jualbeli.market/
18 Sep 25 at 3:00 am
Kaizenaire.com is the go-to fⲟr aggregated sell Singapore’ѕ vibrant
market.
Ιn Singapore’s heart, shopping paradise flourishes
οn deals that thrill its people.
Singaporeans like bubble tea runs ԝith friends after
job, and bear in mind tߋ stay upgraded on Singapore’s m᧐st rеcent promotions ɑnd shopping deals.
A Kind Studio focuses ߋn sustainable jewelry ɑnd
devices, cherished Ьｙ environmentally friendly Singaporeans fⲟr their honest workmanship.
Axe Brand Universal Oil օffers medicated oils fоr pain relief leh, adored bу Singaporeans for theіr effective
treatments іn daily aches оne.
SIS Sugar sweetens ᴡith refined sugars, ⅼiked for cooking basics in Singaporean homes.
Ꭰо not claim I neѵer inform mah, search Kaizenaire.ϲom for shopping deals lah.
Alѕ᧐ visit my web site – recruitment agency singapore
recruitment agency singapore
18 Sep 25 at 3:02 am
Процесс лечения организован поэтапно, что делает его последовательным и результативным.
Детальнее – [url=https://narkologicheskaya-klinika-v-permi0.ru/]запой наркологическая клиника пермь[/url]
Gregoryabems
18 Sep 25 at 3:02 am
https://form.jotform.com/252554207469058
Timothyces
18 Sep 25 at 3:04 am
http://blaukraftde.com/# online apotheke versandkostenfrei
Williamves
18 Sep 25 at 3:12 am
Рулонные шторы с электроприводом — это идеальное решение для создания уюта и комфорта в вашем доме, позволяющее управлять светом и приватностью с помощью простого нажатия кнопки.
Рулонные шторы с электроприводом завоевывают популярность среди покупателей. Данные шторы являются высокотехнологичным вариантом для оформления интерьера. Функциональность и удобство использования выделяют их среди других вариантов.
Главное преимущество – это возможность управления ими при помощи пульта. Благодаря этому вы сможете легко настраивать уровень света в комнате. С помощью электропривода можно настроить шторы так, чтобы они открывались и закрывались в определенное время.
Монтаж рулонных штор с электроприводом осуществляется достаточно быстро. Для этого нужен лишь небольшой набор инструментов и время на установку. Выбор из множества дизайнов и материалов дает возможность подобрать идеальный вариант для любого стиля.
Рулонные шторы с электроприводом обеспечивают не только стильный вид, но и защиту от солнца. Разные варианты тканей дают возможность изменять уровень затемнения помещения. Таким образом, вы сможете создать комфортную атмосферу в своем доме.
Prokarniz
18 Sep 25 at 3:13 am
[url=https://www.certificadosenergeticos.com/wp-content/pages/1xbet-bonus-code_and_promo-code.html]1xbet promo code free bet philippines[/url]
Charlesblace
18 Sep 25 at 3:14 am
When someone writes an piece of writing he/she maintains the plan of a user
in his/her brain that how a user can know it. Thus that’s why
this paragraph is perfect. Thanks!
https://bbbbnewss.blogspot.com/2025/09/blog-post_20.html
18 Sep 25 at 3:16 am
Лечение алкоголизма в Твери проводится с использованием современных медицинских и психотерапевтических методик. Оно направлено на снятие физической зависимости, восстановление организма и формирование устойчивой мотивации к отказу от спиртных напитков. Важно учитывать, что успех терапии зависит от комплексного подхода и профессиональной поддержки специалистов.
Получить дополнительные сведения – [url=https://lechenie-alkogolizma-tver0.ru/]центр лечения алкоголизма[/url]
BrianCaupe
18 Sep 25 at 3:16 am
Среди игроков выставочной индустрии Expoprints занимает лидирующие позиции, предлагая надежные решения для эффектных экспозиций. Фокусируясь на проектировании, производстве и монтаже в столице, фирма обеспечивает полный спектр работ: от идеи до разборки по окончании события. Применяя проверенные материалы, такие как пластик, оргстекло и ДСП, компания производит модульные, интерактивные и персонализированные стенды, подходящие для разных финансовых возможностей. В портфолио фирмы представлены работы для марок типа Haier и Mitsubishi, с размерами от 10 до 144 квадратных метров. Подробнее про изготовление выставочных стендов можно узнать на expoprints.ru За счет собственной производственной базы и разрешений на всех выставочных площадках фирма обеспечивает высокое качество и снижение затрат. Expoprints – это не просто стенды, а инструмент для успешного продвижения вашего бренда на выставках по всей России и за рубежом. Если ищете профессионалов, обращайтесь сюда!
HymotsGlade
18 Sep 25 at 3:17 am
Keep on working, great job!
Futbol Yayını Ücretsiz
18 Sep 25 at 3:18 am
В Краснодаре решение есть — наркологическая клиника. Здесь помогают людям выйти из запоя без страха и осуждения. Всё анонимно, грамотно и с заботой о каждом пациенте.
Подробнее – [url=https://vyvod-iz-zapoya-krasnodar11.ru/]вызов врача нарколога на дом город краснодар[/url]
QuincyTrine
18 Sep 25 at 3:18 am
If you want to grow your experience just keep visiting this web page and be updated with the most recent news posted here.
سامانه جذب مدرس دانشگاه علمی کاربردی jam.uast.ac.ir
18 Sep 25 at 3:19 am
раздвижной электрокарниз купить [url=http://www.razdvizhnoj-elektrokarniz.ru]http://www.razdvizhnoj-elektrokarniz.ru[/url] .
razdvijnoi elektrokarniz_uqei
18 Sep 25 at 3:21 am
Tourists fined and banned from Venice for swimming in canal
[url=https://trip-scan.co]tripscan[/url]
A couple from the United Kingdom had to cut their vacation in Venice short after being caught swimming in the Grand Canal.
The 35-year-old British man and his 25-year-old Romanian girlfriend were forced to return to their home in the UK on Thursday, the same day they arrived in the city, after gondoliers reported them to local police for taking a dip in the canal.
The pair were fined €450 ($529) each and expelled from Venice for 48 hours, marking the 1,136th such sanction to be handed down to badly behaved tourists in the city so far this year, according to the Venice City Police.
The unnamed couple took the plunge near the Accademia bridge near St. Mark’s Square and gondoliers at the Rio San Vidal kiosk immediately called authorities, who removed them from the water.
“I thank the gondoliers for their cooperation and timely reporting,” said Venice Security Councillor Elisabetta Pesce in a statement published by city authorities on Friday.
https://trip-scan.co
трипскан
“Venice must be defended from those who disrespect it: protecting the city means ensuring decorum for residents and visitors who experience it with civility.”
Swimming in the Venice canals is prohibited for a variety of reasons, including the intense boat traffic and the cleanliness — or lack thereof — of the water, according to the city’s tourism ministry.
Of the 1,136 orders of expulsion from the city so far this year, about 10 were for swimming.
Related article
Tourists take photographs on the Rialto Bridge in Venice, Italy, on Saturday, April 8, 2023. Italy’s upcoming budget outlook will probably incorporate a higher growth forecast for 2023 followed by a worsened outlook for subsequent years, according to people familiar with the matter. Photographer: Andrea Merola/Bloomberg via Getty Images
Rising waters and overtourism are killing Venice. Now the fight is on to save its soul
“Since the beginning of the year, we have issued a total of 1,136 orders of expulsion for incidents of degradation and uncivilized behavior,” Venice local police deputy commander Gianni Franzoi said in a statement shared with CNN.
Poor visitor behavior is one of the worst byproducts of overtourism, Franzoi said, and incidents are on the rise.
In July 2024, an Australian man was fined and expelled for diving off the Rialto Bridge after his friends posted about it on social media.
The year before, two French tourists were fined and expelled for skinny dipping in the canal under the moonlight. In August 2022, a German man was fined and expelled for surfing in the canal.
Related article
Aerial view of the plagued ghost island of Poveglia in the Venetian lagoon
‘Haunted’ Venice island to become a locals-only haven where tourists are banned
Venice’s authorities have been trying to balance the need for visitor income with residents’ demands for a city that works for them.
Day trippers now pay a €10 entrance fee on summer weekends and during busy periods throughout the year.
The city has also banned tour groups of more than 25 people, loudspeakers and megaphones, and even standing on narrow streets to listen to tour guides.
“It was necessary to establish a system of penalties that would effectively deter potential violations,” Pesce said when the ordinance was passed in February.
“Our goal remains to combat all forms of irregularities related to overtourism in the historic lagoon city center,” she added.
“The new rules for groups accompanied by guides encourage a more sustainable form of tourism, while also ensuring greater protection and safety in the city and better balancing the needs of Venice residents and visitors.”
GregorySak
18 Sep 25 at 3:23 am
Tourists fined and banned from Venice for swimming in canal
[url=https://trip-scan.co]tripskan[/url]
A couple from the United Kingdom had to cut their vacation in Venice short after being caught swimming in the Grand Canal.
The 35-year-old British man and his 25-year-old Romanian girlfriend were forced to return to their home in the UK on Thursday, the same day they arrived in the city, after gondoliers reported them to local police for taking a dip in the canal.
The pair were fined €450 ($529) each and expelled from Venice for 48 hours, marking the 1,136th such sanction to be handed down to badly behaved tourists in the city so far this year, according to the Venice City Police.
The unnamed couple took the plunge near the Accademia bridge near St. Mark’s Square and gondoliers at the Rio San Vidal kiosk immediately called authorities, who removed them from the water.
“I thank the gondoliers for their cooperation and timely reporting,” said Venice Security Councillor Elisabetta Pesce in a statement published by city authorities on Friday.
https://trip-scan.co
трип скан
“Venice must be defended from those who disrespect it: protecting the city means ensuring decorum for residents and visitors who experience it with civility.”
Swimming in the Venice canals is prohibited for a variety of reasons, including the intense boat traffic and the cleanliness — or lack thereof — of the water, according to the city’s tourism ministry.
Of the 1,136 orders of expulsion from the city so far this year, about 10 were for swimming.
Related article
Tourists take photographs on the Rialto Bridge in Venice, Italy, on Saturday, April 8, 2023. Italy’s upcoming budget outlook will probably incorporate a higher growth forecast for 2023 followed by a worsened outlook for subsequent years, according to people familiar with the matter. Photographer: Andrea Merola/Bloomberg via Getty Images
Rising waters and overtourism are killing Venice. Now the fight is on to save its soul
“Since the beginning of the year, we have issued a total of 1,136 orders of expulsion for incidents of degradation and uncivilized behavior,” Venice local police deputy commander Gianni Franzoi said in a statement shared with CNN.
Poor visitor behavior is one of the worst byproducts of overtourism, Franzoi said, and incidents are on the rise.
In July 2024, an Australian man was fined and expelled for diving off the Rialto Bridge after his friends posted about it on social media.
The year before, two French tourists were fined and expelled for skinny dipping in the canal under the moonlight. In August 2022, a German man was fined and expelled for surfing in the canal.
Related article
Aerial view of the plagued ghost island of Poveglia in the Venetian lagoon
‘Haunted’ Venice island to become a locals-only haven where tourists are banned
Venice’s authorities have been trying to balance the need for visitor income with residents’ demands for a city that works for them.
Day trippers now pay a €10 entrance fee on summer weekends and during busy periods throughout the year.
The city has also banned tour groups of more than 25 people, loudspeakers and megaphones, and even standing on narrow streets to listen to tour guides.
“It was necessary to establish a system of penalties that would effectively deter potential violations,” Pesce said when the ordinance was passed in February.
“Our goal remains to combat all forms of irregularities related to overtourism in the historic lagoon city center,” she added.
“The new rules for groups accompanied by guides encourage a more sustainable form of tourism, while also ensuring greater protection and safety in the city and better balancing the needs of Venice residents and visitors.”
GregorySak
18 Sep 25 at 3:24 am
Heya i’m for the first time here. I came across this board and I find It truly useful & it helped me out much.
I hope to give something back and help others like you
aided me.
мобильная версия 1Вин казино
18 Sep 25 at 3:26 am
Расчёт военной пенсии онлайн сэкономил мне кучу времени. Учёл все надбавки за выслугу и районный коэффициент, результат вышел точным по сравнению с бумажными формулами. калькулятор военной пенсии
Brentagila
18 Sep 25 at 3:26 am
https://bio.site/yuecibuha
Timothyces
18 Sep 25 at 3:26 am
Very good post. I will be experiencing a
few of these issues as well..
buy ketamine powder online
18 Sep 25 at 3:26 am
Домашний визит нарколога — это быстрый и конфиденциальный способ стабилизировать состояние без госпитализации. «РеАл Мед» организует выезд по всему Жуковскому и близлежащим посёлкам (Быково, Кратово, Ильинский, Островцы) круглосуточно: врач приедет с оборудованием, оценит риски на месте и запустит инфузионную терапию, чтобы снять интоксикацию, тремор, тошноту и тревожность. Процедуры проводятся по медицинским протоколам, с индивидуальным подбором схем под показатели пациента и сопутствующие заболевания, а вся коммуникация выстроена максимально деликатно — без лишнего внимания соседей и персонала дома.
Подробнее можно узнать тут – http://narkolog-na-dom-zhukovskij7.ru
Traviselefe
18 Sep 25 at 3:32 am
микрозаймы все [url=www.zaimy-15.ru/]www.zaimy-15.ru/[/url] .
zaimi_lbpn
18 Sep 25 at 3:33 am
Чем раньше начата профессиональная детоксикация, тем выше шанс восстановить здоровье и избежать критических осложнений. В клинике «Решение+» всегда готовы оперативно принять вызов и отправить бригаду наркологов на дом либо организовать транспортировку в стационар.
Углубиться в тему – https://vyvod-iz-zapoya-noginsk5.ru/vyvod-iz-zapoya-na-domu-v-noginske/
DavidFuh
18 Sep 25 at 3:35 am
Forr hoottest infrmation yoou have to visit the wweb annd oon world-wide-web I fohnd this weeb pge as
a finest wweb pzge ffor latsst updates.
portxvideos.com
18 Sep 25 at 3:36 am
Excellent post. I was checking constantly this weblog and I am inspired!
Extremely helpful information specially the remaining section 🙂 I take care
of such info a lot. I used to be seeking this particular info for
a very long time. Thanks and good luck.
jelas 777
18 Sep 25 at 3:37 am
https://mannerkraft.com/# beste online-apotheke ohne rezept
EnriqueVox
18 Sep 25 at 3:38 am
диплом реестр купить [url=https://www.educ-ua11.ru]диплом реестр купить[/url] .
Diplomi_gcPi
18 Sep 25 at 3:39 am
Каждое из этих направлений имеет важное значение и в совокупности формирует основу для устойчивого выздоровления.
Разобраться лучше – https://narkologicheskaya-klinika-v-omske0.ru/narkologicheskaya-bolnicza-omsk/
Michaelker
18 Sep 25 at 3:41 am
п»їshop apotheke gutschein: Blau Kraft De – medikamente rezeptfrei
Israelpaync
18 Sep 25 at 3:41 am
This blog was… how do I say it? Relevant!! Finally I
have found something which helped me. Thanks a lot!
trang chủ xx88
18 Sep 25 at 3:42 am
kamagra erfahrungen deutschland: potenzmittel diskret bestellen – Viagra kaufen Apotheke Preis
Donaldanype
18 Sep 25 at 3:42 am